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Year 2025

1,303 articles published in 2025.

Engineering — A diversity of downtime: the Q4 2024 Internet disruption summary

A diversity of downtime: the Q4 2024 Internet disruption summary

After a rather busy third quarter, the fourth quarter of 2024 saw significantly fewer Internet disruptions. This quarter, notable outages were caused by cable cuts, power outages, natural disasters, military action, maintenance, and government direction. Read on for the details.

DBDavid BelsonDavid Belson·January 28, 2025Engineering
Engineering — Cloudflare meets new Global Cross Border Privacy standards

Cloudflare meets new Global Cross Border Privacy standards

Cloudflare is the first organisation globally to announce we have been successfully audited against the brand-new international ‘Global Cross-Border Privacy Rules’ system and the brand new ‘Global Privacy Rules for Processors’. Cloudflare will be certified from day one when the certifications launch later in 2025.

RERory, Emily HancockRory, Emily Hancock·January 28, 2025Engineering
Performance — How we built it: Usage-based billing

How we built it: Usage-based billing

We created a usage-based billing system with ultrahigh throughput; reliable, real-time events processing; and support for complex pricing models. Doing so required reimagining how to build a highly scaled, highly reliable event streaming platform.

TMTaras MitranTaras Mitran·January 28, 2025Performance
Distributed — Over 700 million events/second: How we make sense of too much data

Over 700 million events/second: How we make sense of too much data

Here we explain how we made our data pipeline scale to 700 million events per second while becoming more resilient than ever before. We share some math behind our approach and some of the designs of our systems, as well as issues that we had to face and bugs we had to chase.

CPConstantin Pan, Jim HawkridgeConstantin Pan, Jim Hawkridge·January 27, 2025Distributed
Systems — Container Queries Unleashed

Container Queries Unleashed

Container queries expand the universe of designs that can be implemented, giving us whole new superpowers. Now that container queries are broadly available, I think it’s time we start exploring this potential! In this post, I’ll share the “killer pattern” I can’t stop using in my work, and explore what’s possible with this new capability.

JWJosh W. Comeau·January 27, 2025Systems
Frontend — Bringing Jetpack Compose to Instagram for Android

Bringing Jetpack Compose to Instagram for Android

Introducing a new Android UI framework like Jetpack Compose into an existing app is more complicated than importing some AARS and coding away. What if your app has specific performance goals to meet? What about existing design components, integrations with navigation, and logging frameworks? On this episode of the Meta Tech Podcast Pascal Hartig is […]

CWChris Wiltz·January 24, 2025Frontend
Distributed — Refactoring with Codemods to Automate API Changes

Refactoring with Codemods to Automate API Changes

Refactoring is something developers do all the time—making code easier to understand, maintain, and extend. While IDEs can handle simple refactorings with just a few keystrokes, things get tricky when you need to apply changes across large or distributed codebases, especially those you don’t fully control. That’s where codemods come in. By using Abstract Syntax Trees (AST), codemods allow you to a

JQJuntao QIU | 邱俊涛·January 22, 2025Distributed
Security — Attacks on Maven proxy repositories

Attacks on Maven proxy repositories

Learn how specially crafted artifacts can be used to attack Maven repository managers. This post describes PoC exploits that can lead to pre-auth remote code execution and poisoning of the local artifacts in Sonatype Nexus and JFrog Artifactory.

MSMichael StepankinMichael Stepankin·January 22, 2025Security
Security — How Meta discovers data flows via lineage at scale

How Meta discovers data flows via lineage at scale

Data lineage is an instrumental part of Meta’s Privacy Aware Infrastructure (PAI) initiative, a suite of technologies that efficiently protect user privacy. It is a critical and powerful tool for scalable discovery of relevant data and data flows, which supports privacy controls across Meta’s systems. This allows us to verify that our users’ everyday interactions […]

CWChris Wiltz·January 22, 2025Security
Engineering — The fall and rise of TikTok (traffic)

The fall and rise of TikTok (traffic)

On January 19, 2025, ByteDance suspended TikTok and related apps for US users. We examine the 14-hour traffic plunge, recovery near Donald Trump’s inauguration, and how alternatives like RedNote surged.

JTJoao TomeJoao Tome·January 21, 2025Engineering
Performance — Strobelight: A profiling service built on open source technology

Strobelight: A profiling service built on open source technology

We’re sharing details about Strobelight, Meta’s profiling orchestrator. Strobelight combines several technologies, many open source, into a single service that helps engineers at Meta improve efficiency and utilization across our fleet. Using Strobelight, we’ve seen significant efficiency wins, including one that has resulted in an estimated 15,000 servers’ worth of annual capacity savings. Strobe

CWChris Wiltz·January 21, 2025Performance
AI & ML — AI SDK 4.1

AI SDK 4.1

AI SDK 4.1 introduces image generation, non-blocking data streaming, improved tool calling, and more

VVercel·January 20, 2025AI & ML
Career & Teams — Measuring productivity impact with Diff Authoring Time

Measuring productivity impact with Diff Authoring Time

Do types actually make developers more productive? Or is it just more typing on the keyboard? To answer that question we’re revisiting Diff Authoring Time (DAT) – how Meta measures how long it takes to submit changes to a codebase. DAT is just one of the ways we measure developer productivity and this latest episode […]

CWChris Wiltz·January 16, 2025Career & Teams
Performance — On-Device AI: Building Smarter, Faster, And Private Applications — Smashing Magazine

On-Device AI: Building Smarter, Faster, And Private Applications — Smashing Magazine

Shouldn’t there be a way to keep your apps or project data private and improve performance by reducing server latency? This is what on-device AI is designed to solve. It handles AI processing locally, right on your device, without connecting to the internet and sending data to the cloud. In this article, Joas Pambou explains what on-device AI is, why it’s important, the tools to build this type of

JPJoas PambouJoas Pambou·January 16, 2025Performance
Security — How Stripe Radar responded to a new wave of card testing

How Stripe Radar responded to a new wave of card testing

While Radar’s models predict the likelihood of fraud, we needed a new way to recognize verification attacks that were causing higher-than-average authorization rates. Learn about our three-layered approach to combatting this new fraud trend.

JMJacob MeltzerJacob Meltzer·January 15, 2025Security
Engineering — The Role Of Illustration Style In Visual Storytelling — Smashing Magazine

The Role Of Illustration Style In Visual Storytelling — Smashing Magazine

How do we determine the most suitable illustration style? How should illustrations complement and reflect your corporate identity? What will resonate most with your target audience? And regarding the content, what type of illustration would best enhance it, and how would it work for the age range it is primarily for? Thomas Bohm shares insightful examples and discusses the key qualities of effecti

TBThomas BohmThomas Bohm·January 14, 2025Engineering
Frontend — Five years of React Native at Shopify (2025) - Shopify

Five years of React Native at Shopify (2025) - Shopify

Five years ago, we announced that React Native (RN) is the future of mobile at Shopify. Today, we are excited to share the progress we've made, lessons learned, and what the future holds. To recap, we decided to switch to RN for 3 main reasons: Write it once - Stop building the same features twice, once on iOS and once on Android Talent portability - Enable devs to work fluently across iOS, Androi

SEShopify Engineering·January 13, 2025Frontend
Engineering — Game Off 2024 winners

Game Off 2024 winners

Secrets spilled, discovered, and hidden again—Game Off 2024 brought over 500 jaw-dropping submissions that redefined creativity in gaming. From cult quests for free furniture to spellbinding mysteries, these games will have you hooked. Ready to uncover the winners?!?

LRLee ReillyLee Reilly·January 10, 2025Engineering
Engineering — Highlights from Git 2.48

Highlights from Git 2.48

The open source Git project just released Git 2.48. Here is GitHub’s look at some of the most interesting features and changes introduced since last time.

TBTaylor BlauTaylor Blau·January 10, 2025Engineering
Networking — ILA Evo: Meta’s journey to reimagine fiber optic in-line amplifier sites

ILA Evo: Meta’s journey to reimagine fiber optic in-line amplifier sites

Today’s rapidly evolving landscape of use cases that demand highly performant and efficient network infrastructure is placing new emphasis on how in-line amplifiers (ILAs) are designed and deployed. Meta’s ILA Evo effort seeks to reimagine how an ILA site could be deployed to improve speed and cost while making a step function improvement in power […]

CWChris Wiltz·January 10, 2025Networking
Languages — Solo Development: Learning To Let Go Of Perfection — Smashing Magazine

Solo Development: Learning To Let Go Of Perfection — Smashing Magazine

The best and worst thing about solo development is the “solo” part. There’s a lot of freedom in working alone, and that freedom can be inspiring, but it can also become a debilitating hindrance to productivity and progress. Victor Ayomipo shares his personal lessons on what it takes to navigate solo development and build the “right” app.

VAVictor AyomipoVictor Ayomipo·January 10, 2025Languages
Engineering — Transforming how you work with v0

Transforming how you work with v0

v0 lets all creators—not just developers—bring their ideas to life. Explore v0 use cases and prompt inspiration for designers, marketers, project managers, customer support, data analysis, and more.

VVercel·January 10, 2025Engineering
AI & ML — The rise of the generalist

The rise of the generalist

As AI handles specialized tasks with increasing sophistication, the ability to connect dots across domains has never been more valuable.

CACarly AyresCarly Ayres·January 9, 2025AI & ML
Engineering — Making space for a handmade web

Making space for a handmade web

There’s a resurgence of small, handcrafted sites challenging the current trajectory of the internet. Joining the movement is as simple as making your own.

CAChia Amisola·January 9, 2025Engineering
Design & UX — It’s time we expand our definition of design

It’s time we expand our definition of design

More people than ever are using design in their daily work. By making our tools and processes more inclusive, we can empower everyone to practice design with confidence—regardless of their title.

KCKaitie Chambers·January 9, 2025Design & UX
Security — How to scan GitHub Actions workflows for security issues

How to scan GitHub Actions workflows for security issues

In the last few months, we secured 75+ GitHub Actions workflows in open source projects, disclosing 90+ different vulnerabilities. Out of this research we produced new support for workflows in CodeQL, empowering you to secure yours.

AMAlvaro MunozAlvaro Munoz·January 9, 2025Security
Performance — Tight Mode: Why Browsers Produce Different Performance Results — Smashing Magazine

Tight Mode: Why Browsers Produce Different Performance Results — Smashing Magazine

We know that browsers do all sorts of different things under the hood. One of those things is the way they not only *fetch* resources like images and scripts from the server but how they [prioritize those resources](https://www.debugbear.com/blog/request-priorities?utm_campaign=sm-7). Chrome and Safari have implemented a “Tight Mode” that constrains which resources are loaded and in what order, bu

GGGeoff GrahamGeoff Graham·January 9, 2025Performance