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Engineering — Forced offline: the Q3 2024 Internet disruption summary

Forced offline: the Q3 2024 Internet disruption summary

The third quarter of 2024 was particularly active, with quite a few significant Internet disruptions. Underlying causes included government-directed shutdowns, power outages, hurricane damage, terrestrial and submarine cable cuts, military action, and more.

DBDavid Belson, Doug MadoryDavid Belson, Doug Madory·October 29, 2024Engineering
Security — DDoS threat report for 2024 Q3

DDoS threat report for 2024 Q3

Welcome to the 19th edition of the Cloudflare DDoS Threat Report. Released quarterly, these reports provide an in-depth analysis of the DDoS threat landscape as observed across the Cloudflare network. This edition focuses on the third quarter of 2024.

OJOmer, JorgeOmer, Jorge·October 23, 2024Security
SRE & Ops — Fearless SSH: short-lived certificates bring Zero Trust to infrastructure

Fearless SSH: short-lived certificates bring Zero Trust to infrastructure

Access for Infrastructure, BastionZero’s integration into Cloudflare One, will enable organizations to apply Zero Trust controls to their servers, databases, Kubernetes clusters, and more. Today we’re announcing short-lived SSH access as the first available feature of this integration.

GAGoldbe, Ann Ming SamborskiGoldbe, Ann Ming Samborski·October 23, 2024SRE & Ops
Engineering — Is this thing on? Using OpenBMC and ACPI power states for reliable server boot

Is this thing on? Using OpenBMC and ACPI power states for reliable server boot

Cloudflare’s global fleet benefits from being managed by open source firmware for the Baseboard Management Controller (BMC), OpenBMC. This has come with various challenges, some of which we discuss here with an explanation of how the open source nature of the firmware for the BMC enabled us to fix the issues and maintain a more stable fleet.

NRNnamdi, Ryan ChowNnamdi, Ryan Chow·October 22, 2024Engineering
Performance — Analysis of the EPYC 145% performance gain in Cloudflare Gen 12 servers

Analysis of the EPYC 145% performance gain in Cloudflare Gen 12 servers

Cloudflare’s Gen 12 server is the most powerful and power efficient server that we have deployed to date. Through sensitivity analysis, we found that Cloudflare workloads continue to scale with higher core count and higher CPU frequency, as well as achieving a significant boost in performance with larger L3 cache per core.

JSJq, SyonaJq, Syona·October 15, 2024Performance
Networking — Improving platform resilience at Cloudflare through automation

Improving platform resilience at Cloudflare through automation

We realized that we need a way to automatically heal our platform from an operations perspective, and designed and built a workflow orchestration platform to provide these self-healing capabilities across our global network. We explore how this has helped us to reduce the impact on our customers due to operational issues, and the rich variety of similar problems it has empowered us to solve.

OOpeyemiOpeyemi·October 9, 2024Networking
SRE & Ops — Leveraging Kubernetes virtual machines at Cloudflare with KubeVirt

Leveraging Kubernetes virtual machines at Cloudflare with KubeVirt

The Kubernetes team runs several multi-tenant clusters across Cloudflare’s core data centers. When multi-tenant cluster isolation is too limiting for an application, we use KubeVirt. KubeVirt is a cloud-native solution that enables our developers to run virtual machines alongside containers.

JCJustin CichraJustin Cichra·October 8, 2024SRE & Ops
Performance — Thermal design supporting Gen 12 hardware: cool, efficient and reliable

Thermal design supporting Gen 12 hardware: cool, efficient and reliable

Great thermal solutions play a crucial role in hardware reliability and performance. Gen 12 servers have implemented an exhaustive thermal analysis to ensure optimal operations within a wide variety of temperature conditions and use cases. By implementing new design and control features for improved power efficiency on the compute nodes we also enabled the support of powerful accelerators to serve

LPLeslye PaniaguaLeslye Paniagua·October 7, 2024Performance
Networking — Impact of Verizon's September 30 outage on Internet traffic

Impact of Verizon's September 30 outage on Internet traffic

On Monday, September 30, customers on Verizon’s mobile network in multiple cities across the United States reported experiencing a loss of connectivity. HTTP request traffic data from Verizon’s mobile ASN (AS6167) showed nominal declines across impacted cities.

DBDavid BelsonDavid Belson·October 1, 2024Networking
Engineering — Reaffirming our commitment to free

Reaffirming our commitment to free

We want to make abundantly clear: our free plan is here to stay, and we reaffirmed that commitment this week with 15 releases across our product portfolio that make the Free plan even better.

CCloudflare·September 27, 2024Engineering
Performance — Builder Day 2024: 18 big updates to the Workers platform

Builder Day 2024: 18 big updates to the Workers platform

To celebrate Builder Day 2024, we’re shipping 18 updates inspired by direct feedback from developers building on Cloudflare. This includes new capabilities, like running evals with AI Gateway, beta products like Queues and Vectorize graduating to GA, massive speed improvements to KV and Workers AI, pricing simplifications, and bringing key features from Pages into Workers.

TRTanushree, RohinTanushree, Rohin·September 26, 2024Performance
Databases — Zero-latency SQLite storage in every Durable Object

Zero-latency SQLite storage in every Durable Object

Traditional cloud storage is inherently slow because it is accessed over a network and must synchronize many clients. But what if we could instead put your application code deep into the storage layer, such that your code runs where the data is stored? Durable Objects with SQLite do just that.

KVKenton VardaKenton Varda·September 26, 2024Databases
Databases — Cloudflare’s bigger, better, faster AI platform

Cloudflare’s bigger, better, faster AI platform

Whether you want the fastest inference at the edge, optimized AI workflows, or vector database-powered RAG, we’re excited to help you harness the full potential of AI and get started on building with Cloudflare.

MKMichelle, KathyMichelle, Kathy·September 26, 2024Databases
Networking — Cloudflare partners with Internet Service Providers and network equipment providers to deliver a safer browsing experience to millions of homes

Cloudflare partners with Internet Service Providers and network equipment providers to deliver a safer browsing experience to millions of homes

Cloudflare is extending the use of our public DNS resolver through partnering with ISPs and network providers to deliver a safer browsing experience directly to families. Join us in protecting every Internet user from unsafe content with the click of a button, powered by 1.1.1.1 for Families.

KMKelly May Johnston, Morgan SteffenKelly May Johnston, Morgan Steffen·September 24, 2024Networking
Security — Cloudflare helps verify the security of end-to-end encrypted messages by auditing key transparency for WhatsApp

Cloudflare helps verify the security of end-to-end encrypted messages by auditing key transparency for WhatsApp

Cloudflare is now verifying WhatsApp’s Key Transparency audit proofs to ensure the security of end-to-end encrypted messaging conversations without having to manually check QR codes. We are publishing the results of the proof verification to https://dash.key-transparency.cloudflare.com for independent researchers and security experts to compare against WhatsApp’s. Cloudflare does not have access t

TMThibault, MariThibault, Mari·September 24, 2024Security
Engineering — Introducing Ephemeral IDs: a new tool for fraud detection

Introducing Ephemeral IDs: a new tool for fraud detection

As the Internet evolves, Turnstile does too. Introducing Ephemeral IDs — a new dimension in detecting fraudulent activity, bot or human, that links behavior to a specific client instead of an IP address. This makes Turnstile better for everyone, everywhere.

OPOliver Payne, SallyleeOliver Payne, Sallylee·September 23, 2024Engineering
Performance — Network performance update: Birthday Week 2024

Network performance update: Birthday Week 2024

Since June 2021, we’ve been measuring and ranking our network performance against the top global networks in the world. We use this data to improve our performance, and to share the results of those initiatives. In this post, we’re going to share with you how network performance has changed since our last post in March 2024, and discuss the tools and processes we are using to assess network perfor

EMEmily MusicEmily Music·September 23, 2024Performance
SRE & Ops — Cloudflare incident on September 17, 2024

Cloudflare incident on September 17, 2024

On September 17, 2024, during planned routine maintenance, Cloudflare stopped announcing 15 IPv4 prefixes, affecting some Business plan websites for approximately one hour. During this time, IPv4 traffic for these customers would not have reached Cloudflare and users attempting to connect to websites using addresses within those prefixes would have received errors.

JAJoe AbleyJoe Abley·September 20, 2024SRE & Ops
Security — How Cloudflare is helping domain owners with the upcoming Entrust CA distrust by Chrome and Mozilla

How Cloudflare is helping domain owners with the upcoming Entrust CA distrust by Chrome and Mozilla

Chrome and Mozilla will stop trusting Entrust’s public TLS certificates issued after November 2024 due to concerns about Entrust’s compliance with security standards. In response, Entrust is partnering with SSL.com to continue providing trusted certificates. Cloudflare will support SSL.com as a CA, simplifying certificate management for customers using Entrust by automating issuance and renewals.

DDinaDina·September 19, 2024Security
Security — Protecting APIs from abuse using sequence learning and variable order Markov chains

Protecting APIs from abuse using sequence learning and variable order Markov chains

At Cloudflare, we protect customer APIs from abuse. This is no easy task, as abusive traffic can take different forms, from giant DDoS attacks to low-and-slow credential stuffing campaigns. We now address this challenge in a new way: by looking outside typical volumetric measures and using statistical machine learning to find important API client request sequences.

PFPeter FosterPeter Foster·September 12, 2024Security
Performance — A good day to trie-hard: saving compute 1% at a time

A good day to trie-hard: saving compute 1% at a time

Pingora handles 35M+ requests per second, so saving a few microseconds per request can translate to thousands of dollars saved on computing costs. In this post, we share how we freed up over 500 CPU cores by optimizing one function and announce trie-hard, the open source crate that we created to do it.

KGKevin GuthrieKevin Guthrie·September 10, 2024Performance